G'day Zacjen
Let's get practical -
Firstly, get hold of a copy of "Localised prostate cancer: a guide for men and their families". You can get this from the Cancer Council by 'phoning 13 11 20 and asking them to send it out. Or you can download it from the educational resources pages of www.prostatehealth.org.au. At this back of this are some tables, or nomograms. These are based on extensive studies over many years and by putting in your PSA, the stage of your cancer and your Gleason Score you can tell the probability that your cancer is confined to the prostate capsule, has spread to local surrounding tissue or has become metastatic.
Secondly, it is important to remember that for most people prostate cancer is very slow growing, so active surveillance is the best option in the early stages. How do you know if your cancer is slow growing. Monitor your PSA over time and see how much it is rising. If it is rising rapidly, that the time it takes fro your PSA to double is less than three months, then you have an aggressive cancer and may need to treat. If it is between three months and a year or so, then just watch for a while. If it is more than two or three years, don't worry.
Thirdly, whether or not you should consider any treatment such as surgery or radiotherapy depends on your age and current state of health. Many specialists will not offer surgery to anyone who does not have a normal life expectancy of ten years - the side effects are not worth it. Radiotherapy is a possibility, but again the side effects can be significant.
You need to discuss all of these with your specialist and do not be afraid to get a second opinion. Whatever you do do not get caught up in any rush to treat.
Cheers
Sailor